This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website

# Canada, Air Force Ensign

##

Last modified: 2026-05-09 by rob raeside
Keywords: canada | air force ensign | maple leaf | canadian air force | royal canadian air force |
Links: FOTW homepage | search | disclaimer and copyright | write us | mirrors

Air Command/Air Force Ensign, 1985-
image by Miles Li, 17 August 2009

- Historical Notes
- Royal Canadian Air Force Ensign
- Centennial Flag
- Aircraft markings
- Roundel

See also:

- Flags of the Canadian Forces
- 407 Long Range Patrol Squadron
- Canada

Other sites:

- Roundel Round-up by Dave O'Malley (Vintage Wings of Canada)

## Historical Notes

From the Canadian Air Forces 16th Wing site:

> Eighty Years Ago- a Flag
> By MWO Normand Marion, 16 Wing

> On Friday November 30th ...[2001], senior staff at 16 Wing Headquarters took a few moments to commemorate a highly symbolic event that took place eighty years ago in front of the Wing Headquarters at Camp Borden.

> On that date in 1921, the Royal Air Force (RAF) Ensign was hoisted for the first time in Canada, as officers and airmen of the newly formed Canadian Air Force (CAF) were asked to salute "their new flag".

> At the time, the ceremony was an attempt to establish the Air Force' unique identity as a separate service from the Army and the Navy, and to reinforce its links to the RAF. Although it had been proposed that a maple leaf be included on the flag to single out the Canadian version, the suggestion was rejected on the basis that both Air Forces' flags should be identical in order to retain "the sentiment of unity between the Air Forces of the Empire."

> A group of senior officers of the CAF were present, as Air Vice-Marshal Gwatkin, member of the Air Board and at the same time Inspector-General of the CAF, had requested that the ceremony be made "as pompous as possible". For some reason, no representative from the Army or the Navy were present, and neither was the Minister of Militia and Defence, even though invitations had been sent.

> The RAF Ensign continued to be flown in Canada as the Canadian Air Force Ensign from 1921 to 1924, and subsequently as the Royal Canadian Air Force Ensign until the Second World War. In 1941, a maple leaf was added inside the roundel and this new RCAF Ensign was flown until the RCAF was disbanded in 1968.

> Finally, in 1985, the Canadian flag replaced the Union Jack in the corner of the Ensign and gave birth to a new Air Command Ensign, which is still flown today by Air Force elements of the Canadian Forces.

Mark Sensen, 21 April 2003

## Royal Canadian Air Force Ensign

Royal Canadian Air Force, 1941-68
image by Zachary Harden, 25 January 2019

One of our members recently perused your homepage and asked me to bring to your attention that the RCAF Ensign no longer exists. In 1972, the RCAF Association petitioned Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth II, through Government House, to decree that the Ensign, (declared "obsolete" by DND's Director of Ceremonial) should become a "living symbol" for the Association. In September, 1973 our Association was formally advised that by Royal decree, the Ensign was ours, and would henceforth be known as the "Association Ensign." It was "suggested" by DND at the time that the Association alter the Maple Leaf to match the one in the 1965 Maple Leaf flag.

As you may know, our Association changed its name to Air Force Association of Canada in 1994, and on January 1, 1997 the Ensign was officially trade-marked under Section 9 of the Canada Trade Marks Act, to be known as the Air Force Association Ensign. This information is detailed on our Association's homepage at www.airforce.ca. No doubt you know that in 1984, an Air Command "flag" was authorized by DND. Basically, it looks like the Ensign with the Canadian flag replacing the Union Jack. I'm not sure if that "flag" still exists, as Air Command no longer exists.
Bob Tracy, 05 March 2000
Executive Director, Air Force Association of Canada

Photos of this flag available here, here. The second flag as dark-brown veins on a sharper image of the red maple leaf.
Sources: https://www.facebook.com/photo, https://www.facebook.com/photo
William Garrison, 26 April 2026

## Centennial Flag

image located by Dave Fowler, 25 July 2024

This flag celebrates 100 years of the RCAF and its predecessors.
Dave Fowler, 25 July 2024

## Aircraft markings – Introduction

The nationality of the air force aircraft is identified by a circle, square, cross, star, or other shape painted on the fuselage. France was the first country to create a nationality marking (roundel) painted on the wings and fuselage of military aircraft, which could be called a "national flag in the sky" in 1912. The roundel was a concentric circle with blue in the center, white and red on the outside, and the same design is still used today. It is said to have originated from the circular cap badge cocade, a circular ribbon of the same colors as the tricolor flag that was attached to hats during the French Revolution.
Soon after, directional rudders were also painted with vertical fin flashes in the national flag design. Later, the fin flash was repositioned from the rudder to the vertical tail.
Nozomi Kariyasu, 19 May 2024

## Roundel

image by Zachary Harden, 25 January 2019

The Canadian Aviation Corps was formed on September 16, 1914 later to become RCAF
(see history page at http://www.rcaf.com/1914_1938_formation/
- or flag page)

Until 1946 the RCAF used the RAF insignia

Military Aircraft Insignia of the World shows 5 roundels for RCAF since 1946. Two more are added for the Canadian Armed Forces - Air wing in other sources.

In 1946 the RCAF adopted a separate roundel by changing the red ball in RAF type B with maple leaf (and with Type C fin flash)

This combination was not distinctive enough and in 1947 a white background added (still with type C fin flash).

Note the Military Aircraft Insignia of the World shows the maple leaf as today, while the site show both two versions with the design of maple leaf different from the current one.

According to Military Aircraft Insignia of the World, in 1958 the fin flash was changed to the former Canadian flag.

Two roundels were used by Canadian Armed Forces before it was united into RCAF in 1969 to be the new Air Command.

- A roundel based on RAF type A with maple leaf
- All red roundel

Since both shows the standard maple leaf and not the post WWII RCAF version, I guess that those were used after 1964.

In 1965, the RCAF adopted a new standard roundel based on the maple leaf design as in the national flag, and the new national flag as fin flash.

The only change afterwards (except the 1997 change in structure) was the adoption of a low visibility marking in 1988.
Dov Gutterman, 13 June 2004

### Air force roundel & fin flash 1945-1946

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 30 April 2024

### Air force roundel & fin flash 1946-1947

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 30 April 2024

### Air force roundel & fin flash 1947-1958

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 30 April 2024

### Air force roundel & fin flash 1947-1965 (variant)

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 30 April 2024

### Air force roundel & fin flash 1965-

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 30 April 2024

### Air force roundel & fin flash variant 1965-1966

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 30 April 2024

See also: Navy aviation roundel and fin flash

Specifications sheet lcoated by Zachary Harden, 30 April 2024

## Low-vis version

images by Nozomi Kariyasu, 12 Mayy 2024